Surface covering.



No. 825,870. PATENTED JULY 10, 1906. J. SGHIRRA.

SURFACE COVERING.

APPLICATION FILED MAB.3,1906.

GR/KR vLcL/l mm NITED s FICE.

JULIUS SCHIRRA, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T O FRANK LACKNER,TRUSTEE, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

SURFACE COVERING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10, 1906.

- which the following is a specification, reference being had therein tothe accompanying drawin s, forming part of this specification, in whic YFigure 1 is a face view of a surface provided with my improved coveringor coating,

. portions of the successive layers being broken away to illustrate theprocess of application. Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line II II ofFig. 1.

My invention relates to the art of applying an impervious lining orcovering facing to the interior or exterior or both surfaces of boxes,vessels, or other inclosing structures or to surfaces of any kindWherever a hard waterproof coating or covering is desirable.

In carrying out my invention I first apply a preliminary coating of asuitable material which will adhere to the surface to be coveredas, forinstance, woodand which will serve as a primary base into which may beembedded a secondary holding-coating, upon which the final coating orcovering may be laid, as hereinafter described. The several in redientsemployed, as hereinafter describe are well adapted for these purposesand in practice have given good results.

The invention is particularly applicable to the covering of thesurfaces, either interior or exterior, or both, of rough boxes forcaskets, although it may be applied to any other purpose, as for thelining of refrigerators, wainscoting of bath-rooms, laundries, &c.

In carrying out my invention I first apply to the surface 2 of the woodor other material a primary layer of suitable holding materialconsisting of pitch and asphaltum or tar and asphaltum, which may beapplied to the surface in melted form by a brush or mop or in any othersuitable manner. The object in using the asphaltum with the tar or pitchis to provide a sufficient body to retain the next or secondary layer ofrough holding material,

which consists of fine gravel or sand or other suitable material 4,thickly sprinkled over the primary coatin 3. The gravel or sand may beapplied whi e the first coating is still in semiliquid or plastic form,but is preferably applied in a hot condition, so that it will becomeembedded in the tar and asphaltum mixture, bein thereby rigidly set, soas to present a roug bondingor retaining surface having a firmengagement with the first layer or coating 3, Which has become stronglyincorporated with the pores or interstices of the woodor other surface.Upon this rough layer 4 I apply the final outside coating 5 in one ormore layers in the same general man ner as mortar is laid on by atrowel.

While various ingredients or materials may be used with more or lesssuccessful results, I

refer to use a mixture composed of a cement nown as Ke'enes cement,white sand,

marble-dust, pulverized oyster-shells, oxid of zinc, cream of tartar,and Water.

The sand, cement, and water form a stron durable composition. Themarble-dust an powdered oyster-shells, or either of them, give a smoothfinished surface. The cream of tartar acts to keep the mixture somewhatsoft and plastic during an appreciable period, thus facilitatingornamentationof the surface by imprintin or molding it in any. suitablemanner, w 'e the oxid of zinc acts to finally harden and petrify theentire surface of the composition.

I have found that where it is desirable to secure a highly-finishedexterior surface a first layer or coating of the Keenes cement, whitesand, and water mixture may be laid upon the sandor gravel holding layer4, upon which a final layer of the same material in considerably lessproportion and with a greater proportion of the marble-dust orpulverized oyster-shells, or both, and the cream of tartar and the oxidof zinc, is then laid, securing the desirable exterior finish withsufiicient thickness of the material and at the greatest economy of theingredients.

It will be obvious that the surface-smooth- I ing ingredients,marble-dust or oyster-shells, or both, throughout the entire mixtureunless w en comparatively thin. I do not, however, de-

sire to be limited to any specific manner of application or pro ortionof ingredients.

Generally state the entire composition of which the coating or coveringconsists is composed of the in edients named. These may be laid on in te manner stated within the judgment and skill of the o erator, employingdifferent proportions 0 each. For the are not necessarily emplo edguidance of'those unfamihar with the artof mixing sujchin edients goodresults may be secured by maiing the entire covering mixture of, say,three parts Keenes cement, one or two parts white sand, according to thestiffness desired, the necessary quantity of water to thoroughly mix.the ingredients and secure plasticity, say, one to two parts, while the'marble dust, powdered oystershells, oxid of zinc, and cream of tartarmay altogether comprise-another part. As stated, these proportions ma bevaried from and the cement, sand, an water may be mixed with themarble-dust and oxid of zinc alone.

when it is desired to provide a quick-hardening smooth surface or may bemixed with the case the effect may be-varied'to suit the pur-' pose bymixing the coloring-matter with the facingmixture in proper proportions,while the surface may be decoratedby im ressions Inade in the cementbefore it is har ened by the use of suitable dies.

'- The facing may be used with good resulth uponthe surface of brick,stone, iron, or steel ing it thereto is similar in use with woodenboxes.

- 'By the application of the facing the ap-' boxes or vaults,'and theoperationof appl pearance of the surfaces of the box is sofvious casewhich will remain permanentlywithout being effected bytheelements,'thus.

' 45 effectually preventing access of water,to the tened and beautified,and a feature of great value and advantage is that the covering, whichconforms to the shape of the box throughout, forms an independentimperinterior.

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. The process of coatingsurfaces consisting -in applying a preliminary coating of itch or tarand asphaltum; then applying a ayer of gravel or sand to said coatingwhile hot; and then applying a finishing coating consisting of Keenescement, white sand, marble-dust, powdered oyster-shells, oxid of allrespects to t e ca ets" zinc, cream of tartar and water' substantiallyin the manner described. p

2. coating or covering composition consisting of Keenes cement, whitesand, marbledust, powdered oyster-shell's, oxid of zinc,

cream of tartar and water, substantially in.

the proportions described.

3. A coating or covering composition consisting of Keene's cement,,white sand, mar--' ble-dust, oxid of zinc and water, substan-' tiallyin the proportions set forth.

4. A coating'or covering composition consisting of Keenes cement, whitesand, marble-dust, cream of tartar and water, sub-' stantially in theproportions set forth.

5. The herein-described covering orcoating consisting of a preliminarylag erof asphaltum andtar or pitch, a secon ary holding layer of gravelor sand embedded therein, and an outer layer composed of cement, sand,

marble-dust, pulverized oyster-shells, cream" of tartar, oxidof-zinc andwater, substantially in the proportions set forth.j

6. The herein-described covering or "co-at ing consisting of apreliminary la er of asphaltum and tar or pitch, a secon ary hold-:. j

ing layer of gravel or sand embedded therein, I

and an outer layer composed of cement, sand, marble-dust,.cream oftartarand water, substantially as set forth.

'7. The hereimdescribed covering or coat mg consisting of a preliminarylztyerof asphaltum and tar or pitch, a secon ary holding layer of gravelor sand embedded therein,

and an outer layer com osed of cement, sand,

. and.

pulverized oyster-shel s, oxid of zinc water, substantially as setforth.

matter consisting of three parts of tartar.-

9. A coating comprising an interior layer of asphaltum and tar, anintermediate layer of gravel, and an outer layer consisting of cement,sand, water, mar oyster-shells, oxid of zinc and cream of tar-' tar.

in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses:

'C..M. CLARKE,

W. H. CLAY. I

In testimony whereof I affix my signature 8. The herein-described comosition of f eenes ce-" {ment, one part white sand, two parts water,"and onepart consisting of marble-dust, pow,- dered oyster-shells, oxidof zinc and cream ioo le-dust, powdered I JULIUS some.

